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A prison is a place where people condemned to a custodial sentence or awaiting their trial are contained. Prisons are also used to try to reintegrate inmates into society in order to prevent recidivism. In France, the rate of recidivism increased significantly (from 4.9% in 2001 to 12.1% in 2011), due to the dubious incarceration conditions. French prisons are overflowing and the penitentiary personnel is understaffed. In 2003, the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT), an organ of the European Council, reported "inhumane and degrading treatment" in French prisons.〔(Council of Europe, 2003, ''European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and punishments, Inhuman and degrading treatments.'' ).〕 == The French prison system == The type of prisons depend on the public they harbor. First, there is the short-stay prison: these contain the defendants awaiting for their trial and prisoners condemned to a sentence of less than 2 years. These are the most overcrowded prisons in the French penitentiary system, with an average rate of occupancy of 130%.〔(International Center for Prison, 1997, ''World prison brief / France.'' )〕 There are various institutions for sentenced persons: * The detention center (Maison d'arrêt): these are for individuals with a genuine desire for social reintegration. * The central prison (Maison central): these are for the most dangerous individuals and have a very rigorous detention system. * The penitentiary center (centre pénitencier): these are made up of differentiated neighborhoods with more or less rigorous systems, for example, a center can host a "central" area as well as a detention center. * The semi-custodial center (centre de semi-liberté): these are for individuals having an adjustment of their sentences, with possible exits according to the schedule set by the judge. * The juvenile center (centre pour mineurs): these are for prisoners under the adult age, the number of inmates is reduced (to close to 60 in each institution) to ensure a better education and promote social inclusion. * The national public health center of Fresnes (L’établissement public de santé national de Fresnes) for the non-emergency and non-psychiatric inmates' hospitalization.〔(Public life, 2014, ''The operation of the prison administration''. ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prison conditions in France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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